Table of Contents

Section I: Sandy to the Willamette: Nature, Navigation and Floods

Acknowledgments

Introduction: Sandy to the Willamette
Slough Problems
Nature, Navigation, and Floods
The Role of Wetlands
The Columbia River Floodplain
Peoples of the Slough: Wapato Indians
Chinookan Subsistence and Navigation
Navigating the Slough: American Settlement
Dikes, Levees, and Dams: Controlling the Slough
The City Canal: Modern Sewer Service
Ending Isolation
Kaiserville: A Muddy Miracle
The Flood: Floating "like corks"
Flooding on the Slough: "Pineapple Express"
Go to the Source and Questions to Consider, Part I

Section II: Berries, Catfish and Carp: Survival on the Slough

Introduction: Survival on the Slough
Chinookan Complexity
Chinookan Disease: Marsh Miasms
Indian Removal
St. Johns: Ethnic Diversity
Berries, Catfish and Carp: Slough Memories
Building Community: Japanese Americans on the Slough
Survival on the Slough: "Shikata Na Gai"
Drawing the Color Line
Vanport Flood: Where Will They Go?
Extending the Color Line
Warning: Avoid Columbia Slough Fish
Boiling at the Surface
Urbanization and Development on Fairview Lake
Go to the Source and Questions to Consider, Part II

Section III: Hog Farms and Sewers: Commercial Communities

Introduction: Hog Farms and Sewers
Traders of the Columbia
Trafficking on the Slough: Lewis Love
St. Johns: "The Manhatten of the West"
When Cattle Was King: Kenton
Memories of Industry on the Columbia Slough
Changing Economies: 1930s-1950s
Changing Economies: Kenton Machine Works
Toxic Waters and Industry
Go to the Source and Questions to Consider, Part III

Section IV: Science and Society in an Urban Landscape

Introduction: Science and Society
Combined Sewer Overflows
Science, Technology and the Slough
Go to the Source and Questions to Consider, Part IV

Section V: Recreating the Slough

Introduction: Recreating the Slough
Columbia Slough Closure
From Plug to Plug: The Columbia Slough Environmental Task Force
Lakes, Lands and Livability: Mixed Use on the Columbia Slough
"Speaking for the Slough": Columbia Slough Watershed Council
Action, Education, and Fun on the Slough
Re-creating the Slough
Future Visions of the Columbia Slough
Go to the Source and Questions to Consider, Part V

Columbia Slough Capstone Student Work

Introduction to Columbia Slough Capstones Web Pages

Winter/Spring 2000, Portland State University Student Work

History of the Port of Portland by Emily McDonald
The Port and Swan Island
Dredging
Emily McDonald's Selected Bibliography

History of Hayden Island by Josh Thomas
Early History of Hayden Island
Jantzen Beach: "Coney Island of the West"
Lotus Island: Backfiring Bamboozle
Reinventing Hayden Island
Developing Hayden Island
Josh Thomas' Selected Bibliography

History of the Portland International Airport by Michelle Kain and Hien Bui
Little Swan Island
The New Deal and the Portland Airport
Airport Expansion, 1968
Protesting Airport Expansion
Airport Noise Pollution
De-icing fluid at the Portland International Airport
Michelle Kain's and Hien Bui's Selected Bibliography

History of the St. Johns Landfill by Erin Atkins
Building the St. Johns Landfill
The St. Johns Landfill and Pollution
St. Johns Landfill Methane Gas Project
Erin Atkins' Selected Bibliography

Summer 2000 Portland State University Student Group Work

The Future of the Columbia Slough
Landscape Transitions
Columbia Slough Economics
The People of the slough
Ed Washington Remembers Vanport City
Recreation Opportunities on the Columbia Slough
The Environment and the Columbia Slough
Oral History Transcripts and Biographies of Narrators for Summer 2000
Student Biographies and Comments about the Columbia Slough